Why is monitoring ammonia levels important in aquaculture?

Monitoring ammonia levels in aquaculture is crucial primarily to prevent toxicity to fish and other organisms. Ammonia is a natural byproduct of fish metabolism and can accumulate in the water if not properly managed. When ammonia levels rise beyond acceptable thresholds, it can lead to harmful effects on aquatic life, including stress, impaired gill function, and ultimately, death.

Fish excrete ammonia primarily in the form of ammonia nitrogen (NH3 or NH4+), and the balance of these forms is influenced by factors such as pH and temperature. High levels of ammonia can cause toxic conditions quickly, especially in closed systems like fish tanks or ponds where water exchange is limited. Monitoring helps aquaculture technicians take timely actions to manage these levels, ensuring the health and well-being of the fish and maintaining overall system stability.

While managing ammonia may indirectly influence feeding rates and growth when conditions are optimal, the primary concern remains the safety of the aquatic environment. Hence, monitoring ammonia is a foundational practice in aquaculture to ensure the sustainability and health of aquatic organisms.