What environmental factor is most critical for the growth of aquatic plants in aquaculture?

Light availability is indeed the most critical environmental factor for the growth of aquatic plants in aquaculture. Aquatic plants, like their terrestrial counterparts, rely on photosynthesis to produce energy and grow. Sufficient light is necessary for chlorophyll in the plants to absorb solar energy, which drives the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

In aquaculture systems, especially those involving aquatic plants such as algae or macrophytes, the intensity and quality of light can significantly impact their growth rates and overall health. Without adequate light, plants may become weak, grow slowly, or even perish, leading to reduced productivity in aquaculture environments.

While factors like substrate type, water pH, and water temperature play important roles in the overall health and growth of aquatic plants, they do not have the direct impact on the photosynthetic process that light availability does. The right balance of substrate can support root growth, optimal pH levels ensure nutrient availability, and suitable water temperature can enhance metabolic processes, but none of these can substitute for the energy provided by light.