How does aquaculture contribute to sustainable food systems?

Aquaculture contributes to sustainable food systems primarily by providing a consistent supply of farmed seafood. This method of producing fish and other aquatic organisms in controlled environments allows for a reliable source of protein that meets the growing global demand for seafood. It helps reduce pressure on wild fish populations, which are often over-exploited, thereby supporting fish stock recovery and biodiversity in natural ecosystems.

Additionally, aquaculture can be managed sustainably to ensure that it does not negatively impact the environment. By implementing practices such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, where different species are farmed together in a way that benefits all, the sector can enhance resource efficiency and minimize waste. Hence, it plays a significant role in ensuring food security while maintaining ecological balance, which is essential for sustainable food systems.

The other options do not align with the principles of sustainability. Relying solely on wild-caught fish would not effectively address the increasing demand for seafood or ensure fish population recovery. Using excess nutrients in water for fish growth is not inherently sustainable when it can lead to issues like water quality degradation or harmful algal blooms, negating positive environmental impacts. Promoting overfishing contradicts the goals of sustainability by depleting fish stocks and harming the aquatic ecosystem.